1. You can do LOP in the climb, but I don't--it reduces available power and slows down your climb. If you had a turbo that would be a different story.
2. At your cruise altitude, I wouldn't go very far LOP--10-20 degrees, maybe. The leaner you go (once LOP) the lower your power output. Watch your cruise CHTs, but if they're OK (380 or less), I'd run pretty close to peak. I normally cruise around those altitudes and just lean to 9 gph, WOT, 2500 RPM.
3. I leave the mixture at its cruise setting until shutdown (and do the same with the prop). If your engine will run smoothly that way I'd suggest the same--remembering, of course, that you'll need to enrich it in the event of a go-around.
4. CHT is the big one. In cruise, you want to see all cylinders below 380 degrees. At those cruise altitudes, you aren't going to be making enough power to damage the engine with the mixture control, but you always want to keep an eye on the temps. If a cylinder is running a little warm for comfort, lean more--when LOP, leaner is cooler.
5. If the engine runs smoothly LOP, it's OK, but usually over around .7 - 1 GPH of GAMI spread is going to be too much for smooth operation.
6. LOP is not rocket science--it sounds like you've got it down pretty well. Once you've gotten used to how your engine runs, you can start leaning by fuel flow, which is a simpler and quicker way to get there (i.e., you know that you hit, say, 20 LOP at your normal cruise setting/altitude at 9.5 GPH, so you just pull the red knob until you see 9.5 GPH on your fuel flow instrument).